Download src/NetteDatabaseStorage.php.

Create cache table in your database (see mysql.cache.sql or postgres.cache.sql, you can adapt script for another database server (not tested); you can change table name).

Instantiate Nette\Caching\Cache:

$context = new \Nette\Database\Context(...);
$storage = new \Nette\Caching\Storages\DatabaseStorage($context, 'cache_table_name');
$cache = new \Nette\Caching\Cache($storage);

Use it.